Living things are unique among all forms of matter.Unlike non-living things, all living things — from single-celled organisms such as the Euglena in Figure 1.1 to multicelled organisms such as whales and redwood trees — interact with and manipulate matter and energy. For example, all cells take in essential substances such as oxygen, water, and […]
TRANSPORT IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
IntroductionThe movement of materials within the body tissues or between tissues in multicellular organisms like high plants and animals occurs in transport systems. In unicellular or low plants and animals, such movement is by the transport mechanisms of molecules within a transport medium by diffusion, osmosis, active transport and mass flow, among others.In multicellular animals, […]
VITAL FUNCTIONS IN ANIMALS
ANIMAL NUTRITION Nutrition in animals is heterotrophic. This means that animals feed on other living things. Animals can be classified according to their nutrition function: herbivores (plant eaters), carnivores (eat other animals), omnivores (eat animals and plants) and saprophytic (feed on decaying organic matter). In order to perform the vital function of nutrition, animals have different systems: digestive, respiratory, circulatory and excretory. Digestive system The digestive […]
VITAL FUNCTIONS IN PLANTS
Like all living things, plants can perform the three vital functions of nutrition, interaction and reproduction. PLANT NUTRITION Plants use autotrophic nutrition. In order to carry out this process, they start by taking in inorganic matter through their roots and leaves: Water and the mineral salts form the raw sap which travels to the leaves through the vessels […]
VITAL FUNCTIONS
In order to live, organisms use the function of nutrition to obtain the matter and energy they need. They interact with their environment thanks to the function of interaction, and they continue to have descendants due to the function of reproduction. NUTRITION The purpose of nutrition is to renew and help preserve the organism’s structure as well as obtaining energy to […]
CELLS
Biomolecules group together to create cells: the smallest structures that can be considered living things. Cells are the functional and structural units of all living things. All living things, including human beings, are made of cells. This is why cells are structural units. At the same time, cells are the smallest structures capable of performing the three […]
2. BIOELEMENTS AND BIOMOLECULES
Living things, like all matter in the universe, are made up of very small particles called atoms. These particles are so small you would not be able to see them, even if you used a microscope. Atoms are the first structural level of matter and they organise themselves into molecules. We know 117 different types of […]